Homeless Students In California + Racial Wealth Report.

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For Further reading, read this study here.

http://www.aasc.ucla.edu/besol/color_of_wealth_report.pdf

Summary of Findings: From Report

Existing research primarily has focused on the net worth position of broadly defined ethnoracial groups, such as Latinos or Asians taken collectively. The NASCC data for Los Angeles includes asset and debt information on a number of disaggregated groups, thereby improving understanding of key disparities in income and wealth. These groups include the following in Los Angeles: Mexicans, other Latinos (inclusive of Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Salvadorans, other South Americans, other Central Americans, and Europeans), Asian Indians, Chinese (inclusive of Taiwanese), Japanese, Korean, Filipino, and Vietnamese. Among African Americans, data are disaggregated by nativity—U.S. black descendants and recent immigrants from the African continent.

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White households in Los Angeles have a median net worth of $355,000. In comparison, Mexicans and U.S. blacks have a median wealth of $3,500 and $4,000, respectively. Among nonwhite groups, Japanese ($592,000), Asian Indian ($460,000), and Chinese ($408,200) households had higher median wealth than whites. All other racial and ethnic groups had much lower median net worth than white households—African blacks ($72,000), other Latinos ($42,500), Koreans ($23,400), Vietnamese ($61,500), and Filipinos ($243,000).

Racial and ethnic differences in net worth show the extreme financial vulnerability faced by some nonwhite households. U.S. black and Mexican households have 1 percent of the wealth of whites in Los Angeles—or one cent for every dollar of wealth held by the average white household in the metro area. Koreans hold 7 percent, other Latinos have 12 percent, and Vietnamese possess 17 percent of the wealth of white households.

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The median value of liquid assets for Mexicans and other Latinos is striking, zero dollars and only $7, respectively, whereas, the median value of liquid assets for white households was $110,000. This not only implies possible financial hardship in the long term, but it also makes short-term financial disruption much more likely.

Japanese households had by far the highest median total value of assets at $595,000. Asian Indians ($460,000), Chinese ($408,500), and white households ($355,000) were also among those with high median values of total assets. Filipino and African black households fall in the middle of the distribution—$243,000 and $152,000 respectively. Median total asset values for all other racial and ethnic groups were significantly lower—U.S. black ($30,000), Mexican ($5,000), other Latino ($43,000), Korean ($28,400), and Vietnamese ($40,000) households. The data reveal an astounding racial wealth divide in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

Mexicans were the least likely to be banked and most likely to lack financial savings. In the NASCC sample, Mexicans (47.1 percent), other Latinos (54.6 percent), U.S. blacks (68.1 percent), and Vietnamese (54.8 percent) are far less likely to own checking accounts than white (90.1 percent) and Japanese (93.3 percent) households. Mexicans, other Latinos, and Vietnamese also owned savings accounts at a lower rate than white households—39.8 percent of Mexicans, 44 percent of other Latinos, and 37.4 percent of Vietnamese owned a savings account compared with 71.9 percent of whites. Fifty-six percent of U.S. black and 57.8 percent of Korean households held a savings account.

Wealth differentials across racial groups in the Los Angeles NASCC survey are far more pronounced than income differentials. White households (40.7 percent) were far more likely to hold assets in stocks, mutual funds, and investment trusts. Only 18 percent of African black, 21.5 percent of U.S. blacks, 7.6 percent of Mexicans, 7.3 percent of other Latinos, 23.6 percent of Korean, and 9.9 percent of Vietnamese owned stocks, mutual funds, or other investments or trusts. The percentage of Chinese, Japanese and Asian Indian that have these types of financial assets was much higher when compared with whites—48.8 percent, 60.8 percent, and 58.6 percent, respectively.

The racial and ethnic disparity is large across all asset types and even larger across private retirement assets. Sixty-four percent of white households have an IRA or private annuity

compared with 8.2 percent of other Latino, 15 percent of Mexican, and 17.7 percent of Vietnamese households. Japanese, Filipino, African black, and Chinese households were also likely to own an IRA although at lower rates than whites—62.3 percent, 55.6 percent, 48.5 percent, and 48.3 percent, respectively. The nonwhite groups less likely to own an IRA included Koreans (27 percent), U.S. black households (37.9 percent), and Asian Indians (38.6 percent). The results suggest that many households, especially black, Latino, and some Asian ones, would have virtually no financial assets of their own at retirement if not for federal insurance provided by the Social Security program.

 White households are more likely to be homeowners (68 percent), along with Chinese (68 percent) and Japanese (64 percent) households. By contrast, approximately two-fifths of U.S. blacks, 44 percent of African blacks, and 45 percent of Mexican households were homeowners. Fifty-seven percent of Filipinos were more likely to own a home, which was slightly higher than 53 percent of Vietnamese. Both Korean (40 percent) and Asian Indian (40 percent) households were among the least likely groups to be homeowners.

In our analysis of debt, the outcomes were nuanced. Although some households of color are less likely to own homes, among home owners they are more likely to have high debt to equity ratios on their homes, especially 88.1 percent of Filipinos, 80.5 percent of other Latino, 77.1 percent of Mexican, 78.4 percent of U.S. black, and 76.3 percent of African black homeowners.

Similar to homeownership, owning a vehicle has far-reaching repercussions. Those who own vehicles have access to job opportunities beyond the zones of public transportation. It enables them to work late or take unusual shifts because they have their own transportation. Those least likely to own a vehicle were U.S. black (72 percent) and Vietnamese (83 percent) households. In comparison, 87 percent of whites in the Los Angeles MSA own a vehicle.

  Chinese households (16.7 percent) were least likely to have credit card debt, followed by 25.6 percent of Asian Indian and 27.7 percent of white households. More than one-third of Mexican and 38.7 percent of other Latino households were likely to have credit card debt. In contrast, approximately half of Filipino, 57.3 percent of U.S. black, and 64.7 percent of African black households were likely to have credit card debt.

The percentage of white households that reported having student loan debt was 15.3 percent. Other Latino (4.8 percent), Japanese (8.1 percent), and Asian Indian (4.5 percent) households were the least likely to have student loan debt. In comparison, U.S. black (20.5 percent), Korean (15.9 percent) and Filipino (15.5 percent) households were more likely to have student loan debt. Although obtaining a college degree provides greater lifetime earnings potential than only a high school diploma, clear disadvantages are associated with a debt-burdened college degree.